- 期刊
英国中世纪神秘连环剧中的间离与共鸣
Estrangement and Sympathy in the Mystery Cycles of Medieval England
摘要
中世纪英国神秘连环剧主要以圣经中的片段故事为题材，内部各剧间相对独立，表演和观剧过程不断出现中断和受到干扰，舞台布景是暗示性的，许多演员都是观众身边熟悉的人，戏剧改编中做了大量喜剧化处理。所有这些“自然＂形成了戏剧的间离效果。但另一方面，由于神秘连环剧内容和观众自身的宗教特性，演出中舞台上表演的内容和日常生活的内容得以密切关联。戏剧作者也刻意通过内容的同时代化处理、音乐、抒情性独白，及制造观演空间一体化的幻觉等方式，缩短观众与戏剧之间的心理距离，引发其共鸣。在英国中世纪神秘连环剧中，间离和共鸣效果往往巧妙地服务于戏剧意图的实现。这一认识角度也许可为欣赏和评价英国神秘连环剧提供新的参考。
並列摘要
The subjects of Mystery Cycles of Medieval England are mainly the segments of biblical stories, which make the plays in a Cycle relatively independent to each other. When the play was performed and watched, the process was constantly interrupted and disturbed. The scenery is suggestive, and many actors were familiar to the audiences. In addition, when the dramatists adapted the biblical story, they made them heavily comedic. All these features ＂naturally＂ gave rise to a kind of estrangement effect. However, on the other hand, because of the religious features of the contents of Mystery Cycles and the audiences themselves, the life on the stages and the daily life of the audiences were closely related. The dramatists also deliberately shorten the psychological distance between the audience and drama in order to cause sympathy, through different ways, such as, making the story looks like contemporary, using music and lyric monologues, creating illusion of space integration between actors and audiences, and etc. In those Mystery Cycles, sympathy effect was frequently, subtly in the service of the implementation of the drama's intentions. This understanding may provide a new reference for the appreciation and evaluation of the Mystery Cycles of Medieval England.