This paper aims to study the change law of freezing and thawing of aeolian soil, and then reveal the destructive properties of aeolian roadbed in seasonally frozen region. In this paper, the triaxial test on aeolian soil under freezing-thawing cycle is carried out to study the effect of different freezing-thawing cycles on the shear strength of aeolian soil. The study shows that with the increase of freezing-thawing cycles, the overall variation trend of shear properties of aeolian soil is first increased and then decreased. When surrounding rocks are 30KPa, 100KPa and 300KPa, the maximum shear strength is 371KPa, 487KPa and 721KPa, respectively. With the increase of freezing-thawing cycles, the cohesion of aeolian soil increases first and then decreases, and the internal friction angle decreases first and then increases. The test, which reveals the rule of shear strength variation of aeolian soil under freezing-thawing cycle, not only provides a certain theoretical basis for the corresponding study on aeolian soil roadbed destruction, but balso has important practical significance.