Soil respiration refers to the metabolic activities of plant roots, carnivorous animals, fungi and bacteria in the soil. The process of consuming organic matter and producing carbon dioxide. Soil respiration is the main way for land plants to fix CO_2 and release CO_2 back to the atmosphere. It is an important process related to global change. The influence factors and research progress of wheat and corn soil respiration were reviewed, and the prospects for future research on soil respiration were proposed.