The Belt and Road Initiative is an important form of China's participation in international exchanges. General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed an important strategy for green development, and green total factor productivity is an important measure for high-quality development. Based on this, this article first examines the status quo of the Belt and Road participation in green development. Introduce and review relevant domestic and foreign literature. Secondly, build a two-way distance function model for green development to measure the total factor green development rate of participating countries in the Belt and Road; then select relevant variables and use the panel data model to measure the green total factor productivity Regression analysis of influencing factors is carried out, and finally, countermeasures and suggestions for high-quality development of participating countries in the Belt and Road Initiative are proposed.