Marx and Romer deeply analyzed and exposed the phenomenon of exploitation in society and put forward their own theory of exploitation. This article will discuss the two exploitation theories from the aspects of definition, methodology, research scope, and attitudes towards exploitation. Analyze the differences and analyze the different causes. At the same time, it also analyzes the similarities and causes of the two exploitation theories. Comparing the similarities and differences between the two exploitation theories is of great significance for a deep understanding of the exploitation problem.