In order to evaluate whether the design of the missile pitching structure meets the requirements, A three‐dimensional solid model of the missile launcher is established in Creo, and the stess and deformation analysis of the type of pitching structure under typical operating conditions is completed by using the finite element software. According to the load‐bearing and launch accuracy requirements, the finite element optimization models of three typical box‐bomb configurations were established, and the topology optimization of the pitching structure was carried out with the objective of minimizing the weighted flexibility, and the optimized model of the pitching structure was obtained by combining with engineering applications. The stress and deformation of the pitching structure before and after optimization are compared and analyzed. The results show that the mass of the optimized pitching structure is reduced, and the stress concentration is significantly improved, which satisfies the requirements of rigidity and strength well.