With the development of deep learning technology, the integration of semantic segmentation and deep learning has made great technical breakthroughs. Image semantic segmentation has become one of the research hotspots in computer vision field. This technology has been widely used in medical image segmentation, remote sensing image detection, intelligent robot and other fields. This paper first describes the basic network model of semantic segmentation in detail, then introduces the application of semantic segmentation in different fields, and finally looks forward to the future research focus of semantic segmentation.