In contemporary medical practice, endoscopic technology serves as a pivotal diagnostic and therapeutic modality, wielding profound significance in the management of gastrointestinal ailments. The relentless evolution of endoscopic techniques has notably bolstered the efficacy of gastrointestinal disease treatments, rendering this groundbreaking instrument a formidable ally for both physicians and patients alike. Endoscopic technology's trajectory transcends the wheels of time, evolving from a rudimentary diagnostic tool into a multifaceted platform endowed with therapeutic capabilities. Herein, this discourse comprehensively synthesizes the current applications of endoscopic technology in the management of upper gastrointestinal, lower gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and biliary tract disorders. Simultaneously, the article delves into the challenges posed by the technology, such as intraoperative localization, procedural intricacies, and the management of complications, while proffering potential solutions. Moreover, insights into the standardization and regularization of surgical procedures are provided, laying the groundwork for future trends and innovations. This discourse predominantly elucidates the myriad therapeutic applications of endoscopy in gastrointestinal disorders, elucidating how modern endoscopic techniques are employed in treating diseases affecting various anatomical sites, with a particular emphasis on its pivotal role in emergent interventions such as acute bleeding and foreign body removal. The exploration of technical challenges and corresponding resolutions encountered during therapeutic interventions is also undertaken.