The development of agricultural equipment technology has changed from the simple adjustment of the past to the current intelligent controllable. Electric tractors are developing in terms of ease of operation, high reliability and versatility. Due to the operating environment and functional requirements of electric tractors, there is still a big gap between cruising range, working time and total power and actual farmland operation requirements. There are mature electric tractor products in foreign countries, and China is still in the stage of primary research and development. There are few mature prototypes, and there are almost no products actually made in the market. At present, research hotspots mainly focus on the design and development of electric tractors, motors and power drive systems, battery and energy management, and system simulation. The development of electric tractors, from the initial mechanization to electrification, is now becoming intelligent and will eventually develop into intelligence.