In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, the number of cars in the country is growing rapidly, the length of the national road is also growing rapidly, people's appearance has been greatly facilitated, but also caused many traffic problems, many vehicles on the road have the phenomenon of illegal driving, traffic accidents caused by illegal driving increase every year, because of domestic traffic problems day More and more serious, an intelligent traffic supervision system based on STM32 is designed, which uses ultrasonic distance measurement module as sensor to measure the driving speed of the target vehicle, STM32 single-chip microcomputer as control chip to analyze the driving speed of the target vehicle and judge whether there is illegal driving behavior of speeding. When the driving speed of the target vehicle is higher than the set threshold value, it will be judged the vehicle is speeding in violation of regulations. The single chip microcomputer detects the illegal driving behavior of the target vehicle, the control unit outputs a control signal, controls the camera module to capture the target vehicle, and then stores the captured vehicle information. In this design, the sensor technology and the image processing technology of single chip microcomputer control technology are used to realize the intelligent supervision function of the vehicles that violate the speed limit on the road. By using this system, we can monitor whether there is any illegal driving behavior of the vehicle couplets on the road, record the information of the illegal vehicles, and cooperate with the vehicle supervision department to enter the illegal vehicles To investigate and deal with illegal vehicles. It not only greatly saves human and material resources, but also realizes the intelligent management of urban traffic.