Aiming at orchard environment, an intelligent picking robot based on deep learning was proposed. This picking robot adopts the convolutional neural network model based on the YOLOV5 framework, and trains the model through advanced deep learning technology, so that the robot can recognize the fruit through computer vision, and realizes the stereo positioning of the fruit by using the principle of binocular vision. In this paper, the method of fruit target detection and recognition is designed, so that the robot system can achieve the three-dimensional positioning and precise picking of target fruit.