At present, Chinese medicine cold chain logistics industry is still in the early stage of development. The medical cold chain logistics lacks a sound mechanism and a standardized dynamic full‐chain monitoring system. The industry information level is low, and no unified information management platform has been formed in drug manufacturing, transportation, storage, distribution and other links. Blockchain technology has many advantages, such as distributed ledger, tamper‐free environment, consensus driven, etc., and can provide technical support for pharmaceutical anti‐counterfeiting traceability, real‐time monitoring, and regulatory coordination. This paper analyzes the current situation of Chinese pharmaceutical industry and the problems existing in the development of logistics, expounds the technical advantages of blockchain technology applied to pharmaceutical cold chain logistics industry, and finally builds a pharmaceutical supply chain model based on blockchain.