Taking the factors affecting the escape route of the river treatment project during the flood period as the research object, the 42 influencing factors of the flood period escape route of the river treatment project were obtained through the literature analysis method and expert interview method, and the ISM (explanatory structure model) was used to analyze the interrelationship between the influencing factors, divide the hierarchy, draw the hierarchical topology map, and propose the flood period management strategy of the river treatment project according to the analysis results, It provides reference for the safety management of construction enterprises of river treatment projects.