The distribution of groundwater resources in mountainous areas is uneven, groundwater resources are limited, and the problems of drought and groundwater shortage are serious. It is difficult to explore groundwater in mountainous areas. High-density electrical method is the main method for surveying in mountainous areas. Due to the complex terrain and geological conditions in mountainous areas, it is difficult to determine the groundwater source through field exploration. In order to solve the difficulties of wate exploration in mountainous areas, this article comprehensively uses digital elevation model (DEM) to extract the characteristics of watersheds and high-density electrical method to quickly and accurately determine the characteristics of groundwater systems. Based on the basic characteristics of hydrogeological shallow groundwater recharge, runoff, and discharge, it is jointly used to survey potential locations of groundwater in southern Jiangxi Province, with significant demonstration effects.