Cognitive enhancement is a technical means to expand and improve the cognitive ability of healthy individuals and people with cognitive impairments. At the same time, there are more and more ways for people to intervene in individual cognitive functions. This article mainly analyzes related research and discusses the pros and cons of people using traditional physical exercises and taking specific cognitive drugs to improve their cognitive abilities. The conclusions drawn indicate that regular exercise may be more effective in improving cognition than taking cognitive enhancement drugs for healthy people for non‐treatment purposes. For people suffering from cognitive dysfunction, it is also very beneficial to take appropriate exercises while taking the correct medication according to the doctor's instructions.