With the popularization of mobile devices, cell phone usage by rural elementary school students has become a common phenomenon in China. However, excessive use of cell phones may negatively impact children's healthy development. This study aims to investigate the current situation of cell phone usage among rural elementary school students and provide guidance for schools and families. Questionnaires and interviews were conducted with students from grades 4‐6 and teachers in a village school in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. The results revealed that while cell phone addiction was not prevalent, students lacked self‐awareness of appropriate usage boundaries. Over half of the students could not recognize their excessive cell phone use. Students' main purpose of usage were entertainment and socializing. The study suggests enhancing communication between school and family, carrying out cell phone usage education, and providing emotional companionship to students. With timely guidance, students can learn to use cell phones rationally and avoid adverse effects on learning and life.