美國發展太空軍的戰略意圖與挑戰

美國太空軍成軍主要是為了因應「中」、俄的太空威脅，因為美國安全報告指出兩者不斷發展太空與反太空能力，造成太空軍事化的事實，為了有效確保美國在太空領域的行動自由及未來可能面對的太空戰場，成立專責的太空軍就成為必然選項，因為以往隸屬於空軍底下的太空部隊有其侷限性，組織重整後的獨立軍種太空軍與太空司令部的支援關係，將形成一個完整的作戰指管體系。太空軍作戰效能良窳，將取決於成軍初期發展所出現的各項挑戰是否能逐一解決，本文指出太空軍未來將面臨的各項挑戰及可能的解決之道，同時歸結出太空軍未來發展將進入不穩定期，這意味著執政高層與美軍領導者須多費心力關注太空軍之發展。至於太空軍未來發展重點是建立名實相符的軍種能量與內涵，同時融入軍種的聯合作戰，才能站穩獨立軍種地位之角色。太空軍成軍是美軍搶佔先機的作法。鑑此，太空軍成軍規劃主要影響因素之探討，有助於理解美國發展太空軍的戰略意圖，從中發覺成軍之原因與目的，至於各項挑戰之探討除了有助於更深入理解太空軍的角色定位與功能外，還能發覺未來發展的關鍵問題。

關鍵字

美國太空軍；太空司令部；作戰領域；衛星

並列摘要

According to the U.S. security reports, China and Russia have grown in space and counter-space capabilities and weaponized space, resulting in the greatest threat to the U.S. In response to the threat, the U.S. established the United States Space Force (USSF) to ensure military effectiveness and freedom of operation in space. The Space Force used to report to the U.S. Air Force, which developed various constraints. However, after reorganizing Space Command and Space Force's responsibilities, which has reinforced the operational command and control. The ability to resolve the challenges in the developmental stage of the Space Force determines its combat effectiveness. This paper aims to explore some potential challenges and possible solutions for the Space Force. Finally, the author concludes that the Space Force will soon enter the uncertainty stage in the future. The author suggests that the administrator of government and military leaders need to pay more attention to the Space Force development, especially integrating joint force as a lethal solution for ensuring military preeminence. The establishment of the U.S. Space Force seizes the opportunity. As a result, studying the developmental factors that impact the U.S. Space Force can help us understand their intent. In addition, exploring the potential challenges can comprehend the role, functions, and critical issues that may impact the future development of the U.S. Space Force.