- 期刊
古蹟建築磚砌牆體現地面外加載試驗及評估應用─以兩個磚造古蹟為例
Out-of-Plane Wall Test in Situ and Its Seismic Assessment Application-Illustrated by Two Historic Buildings
摘要
古蹟磚牆在地震過程除了面內損壞，面外傾倒損壞也極為普遍，因此修復過程，對於既有磚牆之面外安全必須有一適切評估與安全掌握。評估之前若能透過現地面外試驗，依據所建立之基礎資料來做評估，將使評估結果更為可靠。為使修復設計者瞭解現地面外試驗，本文以高雄市國定古蹟中都磚窯廠之紅磚事務所及台南市市定古蹟原總督府專賣局台南出張所兩處古蹟為例，除了說明試驗裝置、加載過程，並討論結果，且利用所建立之資料，實際評估此兩棟古蹟在目前法規地震力作用下之牆體耐震安全。因磚牆受面外力之行為及破壞模式，與邊界束制條件有相當大之關係，因此，兩案例中均規畫兩側無束制及單側束制兩種不同邊界條件試體以互相比較，其中針對單側束制試體，本文亦以SAP 2000進行分析，瞭解其應力分佈。目前國內磚造古蹟或歷史建築，進行耐震評估時大都缺乏現地試驗數據做為輔證，本文兩個案例之試驗操作及評估應用可提供其他磚造建物日後修復設計過程之參考。
並列摘要
In Taiwan the out-of-plane collapse of the masonry wall of historic building occurred very often during earthquake. Thus, for the safety of historic building, this problem must be properly evaluated and improved during conservation. For the purpose of illustration, in this study, the equipments and the process of out-of-plane test in situ for the brick wall of historic building are presented by two real cases. Using the test results, the out-of-plane safety under code earthquake loads are evaluated for these two historic buildings. Considering the behavior of masonry wall under the action of out-of-plane force, two boundary conditions are planned in the test. The first category has no constrain at two vertical edges of the specimen, the second category has one vertical edge constrained. Besides the structural behavior comparison and discussion for these two categories of wall specimens, the stress distribution for the walls of one vertical edge constrained are also analyzed by SAP 2000. The test experiences as well as the out-of-plane assessment results of these two historic buildings give conservation designer or architect the reference during conservation and repair of historic buildings.