三国战争中的夷陵

Yiling (夷陵) in the War during the Period of The Three Kingdoms

宋杰(SONG Jie)

《史学集刊》 191期 (2020/11) Pp. 20-32+62

摘要

夷陵是三国重镇与交战热点，原因在于它地扼峡口交通枢要，附近岭谷交错利于设防。曹操、刘备将夷陵与邻近各县并置临江、宜都郡，成为独立的军政建置。猇亭之战后，孙权设立西陵都督辖区。孙吴后期分宜都数县立建平郡，又将西陵、乐乡都督辖区反复合并分离，下诏调离步阐而引起叛乱。蜀汉亡国后，西晋以峡江航道作为伐吴的主攻路线。孙皓忽视荆州西部的防务，致使王濬舟师顺利出峡攻占西陵，乘势东下灭亡吴国。

關鍵字

夷陵 ； 猇亭 ； 西陵 ； 宜都 ； 建平 ； 陆逊 ； 陆抗 ； 王濬

並列摘要

Yiling(夷陵) is an important town during the Three Kingdoms period and a hot spot of war. The reason is that it is a key traffic hub in the gorge, and the surrounding mountains and valleys crisscross, which is conducive to fortification. Cao Cao (曹操) and Liu Bei(刘备) integrated Yiling and neighboring counties into two prefectures, namely Linjiang(临江) and Yidu(宜都), which became independent military and political establishment. After Battle of Xiaoting(猇亭), Sun Quan (孙权) set up Xiling (西陵) district. In the later period of the Kingdom of Wu(吴), Yidu had been divided and the prefecture of Jian-ping(建平) had been established. Meanwhile, districts of Xiling and Lexiang(乐乡) had been combined and separated repeatedly. The imperial edict issued to transfer General Bu Chan(步阐) of Wu from his position caused a rebellion. After the fall of the Kingdom of Shu Han, Xiajiang(峡江) waterway became the main attack route to subjugate Wu by Western Jin Dynasty. Emperor Sun Hao(孙皓) of Wu ignored the defense of the western part of Jingzhou (荆州), so that General Wang Jun's (王濬) fleet of Western Jin successfully went out of the gorge to occupy Xiling, and took advantage of the situation to destroy the Kingdom of Wu.

並列關鍵字

Yiling(夷陵) ； Xiaoting(猇亭) ； Xiling(西陵) ； Yidu(宜都) ； Jianping(建平) ； Lu Xun(陆逊) ； Lu Kang(陆抗) ； Wang Jun(王濬)