子充必大－一个承平时代的士大夫传记的政治解读

The Political Interpretation of Zhou Bida's Biography in the History of Song Dynasty

王瑞来(WANG Rui-lai)

《史学集刊》 195期 (2021/07) Pp. 82-90

摘要

研究南宋中期的历史，无论中央政治，还是地域社会，乃至思想、文学，位至宰相的周必大，都是一位绕不过去的重要人物，而《宋史．周必大传》则是研究周必大的最为基本的文献之一。然而已有一定研究积累的周必大研究，对《宋史》本传的研究则尚付阙如。其实，包括《宋史．周必大传》在内的正史列传，通过史臣的甄别取舍，在某种程度上说，内容要比出自私家的碑传更为可信和丰富。在重视发掘新史料的同时，更应当重视基本文献的解读。透过解读《宋史．周必大传》，一个承平时代的士大夫的不平凡作为得以清晰浮现。其所关涉的各种事相，也为解码南宋中期的历史提供了宝贵线索。

關鍵字

南宋 ； 周必大 ； 宋史 ； 宋孝宗 ； 士大夫政治

並列摘要

When studying the history of the Middle Southern Song Dynasty, Zhou Bida(周必大) who had been the prime minister was an very important person, no matter what the research field is concerned, for example, central politics, regional society, and even ideology and literature. Zhou Bida's Biography in the History of Song Dynasty is one of the fundamental literatures for research on him. However, there is still lack of the study of Zhou Bida's Biography. In fact, to some extent, the official biographies, including Zhou Bida's biography in the History of Song Dynasty, are more credible and informative than the biographies of private inscriptions. While re-exploring new historical materials, we should pay more attention to the interpretation of essential literatures. Through interpreting Zhou Bida's biography in the History of Song Dynasty, the extraordinary deeds of a scholar-bureaucrat in the peace time can clearly emerge, and various events in which he involved also provide valuable clues for decoding the history of the Middle Southern Song Dynasty.

並列關鍵字

Southern Song Dynasty ； Zhou Bida(周必大) ； History of the Song Dynasty ； Emperor Xiaozong of Song Dynasty(宋孝宗) ； Scholar-bureaucrat politics