- 期刊
粒子加速器建设与苏联核计划－核物理研究实验基础的构建（1932－1957）
The Construction of Accelerators and Soviet Nuclear Program: Establishment of Experimental Basis for the Research of Nuclear Physics (1932-1957)
摘要
粒子加速器是用人工方法提供各种高能粒子束或辐射线的现代化装备。粒子加速器是核物理研究的实验基础，而核物理则是核计划开展的科学理论基础。因此，粒子加速器建设对苏联核计划具有重要意义。1932－1957年，苏联在粒子加速器建设领域开展了大量工作。在镭研究所、列宁格勒技术物理研究所、2号实验室、水利工程实验室、物理研究所、电物理实验室等机构的领导下，建设工作大致经历了开端、恢复、强化、“超越”四个阶段。苏联建造了若干粒子加速器，构建了核物理研究的实验基础，促进了核物理研究的发展，保障了核计划的顺利开展，研制并改进了核武器、热核武器，从而增强了苏联的国防实力。
並列摘要
An accelerator is a modern equipment that artificially provides a variety of high-energy particle beams or radiation. This is the experimental basis for the research of nuclear physics, while nuclear physics is the scientific and theoretical basis for the development of nuclear programs; therefore, the construction of accelerators is of great significance to Soviet nuclear program. From 1932 to 1957, Soviets have done a lot of work in the fields of the construction of accelerators. Under the scientific leadership of the Radium Institute, Leningrad Physico-technical Institute, Laboratory No. 2, Hydrotechnical Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Electro-physical Laboratory and other institutions, it has roughly gone through four stages: beginning, recovery, strengthening and ＂surpassing＂. Soviets built a few accelerators, which formed the experimental basis of nuclear physics. It promoted the development of nuclear physics, ensured the running of Soviet nuclear program, made and improved nuclear weapons and thermonuclear weapons, and strengthened national defense of Soviet Union.