- 期刊
统一视角下的古巴比伦国王汉穆腊比以法治国研究──以《汉穆腊比法典》、书信和铭文为依据
A Study on the "Ruling by Law" of King Hammurabi of the Old Babylon Kingdom from a Unified Perspective: Based on His Code, Letters and Inscriptions
摘要
经过30余年的外交斡旋和军事征服，古巴比伦国王汉穆腊比于公元前1755年重建了两河流域的统一王权，结束了该地区200余年的政治分裂局面。而文化传统、习俗和法律的多样性，宗教信仰的复杂性，以及公民的身份认同等问题，对新兴的巴比伦帝国的治理提出了挑战。《汉穆腊比法典》、铭文和书信等出土文献表明，他承继了两河流域原有的国家治理传统，以“王权神授”的理念宣扬其统治的合法性，在建立社会公平与正义的法治精神的指导下，以法确立和维护巴比伦的社会秩序，保护其臣民的财产权利和生命安全。汉穆腊比以法治国的理念和举措，为考察古代两河流域国家的治理理念和传统提供了重要参考。
並列摘要
After more than 30 years of diplomatic mediation and military conquests, Hammurabi, king of the Old Babylon Kingdom, re-established a united kingship in the Mesopotamia in 1755 BC, ending more than 200 years of political division in that region. The diversity of cultural traditions, laws and customs, the complexity of religious beliefs, and problems of the identity of citizens, poses a great challenge to the governance of this new country. Unearthed documents such as Hammurabi's Codes, inscriptions and letters show that he carried on the old tradition of governance in the Mesopotamia, claiming the legitimacy of his rule with the idea of "the divine right of Kings" and that he is guided by the spirit of rule by law, which aimed at establishing social fairness and justice, established and consolidated the class order and family ethical order of Babylonian society, protected people's right to property and safety of life by laws. The ideas and measures of Hanmurabi governing the country by law provide an important reference for the study of the governance ideas and traditions of the Mesopotamia.