- 期刊
以活躍老化政策架構為基礎發展高齡者團體介入方案
Active Aging-an Intervention Plan Designed for Group Gatherings of Senior Citizens
摘要
目的：根據統計2019年9月臺灣65歲以上長者已超過總人口15%，長者的生理、心理及社會等需求備受重視。2002年世界衛生組織（WHO）提出活躍老化：健康、安全、參與，作為各國老年健康政策之架構。我國人口快速老化，為延長國人健康餘命，中央、地方共同推動延緩老化、健康促進相關工作將刻不容緩。耕莘醫院位在新店區，大多數病患來自當地，再加上慢性病患者逐年攀升。醫院乃為社區一份子，除提供醫療服務外，更亟需提供健康促進方案，增進民眾健康認知及行為。方法：針對已實施於新店區永平里、大鵬忠孝社區發展協會社區之65歲以上長者，規劃共12週，每週1次，每次2小時之團體方案。班級經營方式：團體課程、回家作業、樹立模範、獎勵制度。本研究參與人員共55人，有效回收問卷共50份，平均年齡約71.72±7.15歲。課程前後進行問卷調查，其中「健康層面」分生理、心理健康，「參與層面」分生產力、社會、學習、休閒及家庭活動，「安全層面」分經濟、生命、環境安全，以五分制計算，利用成對樣本檢定進行統計分析，結果顯示各層面之子項目皆達統計上顯著差異（p ＜0.05）。結果：依結果顯示，透過長者健康促進團體方案介入，確實有助於提升長者健康認知及活躍老化行為。運用團體課程讓長者自我實現、社會參與，持續將健康行為落實在生活中，以達活躍老化之目標。結論：本研究以「活躍老化」為核心，積極推廣長者生理、心理及社會健康促進活動，進而發展持續性、多元性、可近性之高齡長者友善服務，逐步建構活躍老化模式。
並列摘要
Purpose: By statistical data, in September 2019, the people over 65 year old(i.e. senior citizen)in Taiwan exceeded 15% of the total population. The physical, psychological and social responsibility for the senior citizens have become more and more important. In 2002, the World Health Organization(WHO)proposed a framework of national health policies for active aging: health, safety, and participation. Taiwan is facing an increased number of aging people. In order to make senior citizens live healthily, the government in Taiwan are relentlessly promoting plans for heathy aging and delay aging. HsinDian Cardinal Tien Hospital is located in HsinDian. Due to the increase of Chronic diseases. The hospital provides many service for local senior citizens. Methods: For senior citizens, a group classis is planned-once a week and total for 3 months. The plan was implemented in Yong-Ping-li, Xindian District and Da-Peng-Zhong-Xiao Community, these two Development Association Communities. Class management methods includes group courses, homework, model establishment, and reward program. There were 55 people participated in this project and 50 questionnaires were effectively returned, with an average age of 71.72 ±7.15 years old. Questionnaire surveys are conducted before and after the class. The ＂health＂ is divided into physical and mental health. ＂Participation＂ is divided into productivity, society, learning, leisure and family activities. ＂Safety ＂ is divided into economic, life, and environmental safety, calculated on a five-point scale, Using the paired sample test for statistical analysis, the results showed all aspects had significant differences(p ＜0.05). Results: According to the evaluation results, the health promotion program for senior citizens really helps enhance their health awareness and active behavior. Group classes are used to enable senior citizens to realize themselves, participate in society, and continue to implement healthy behaviors in their lives to achieve the goal of active aging. Conclusion: This study centers on ＂Active Aging＂ and promote physical and psychological health for the senior citizens: provide sustainability, accessibility, diversity, individuality for various senior citizens with friendly services and ultimately an active aging lifestyle.