In view of the financial fraud of listed companies, this paper takes Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. which uses huge accounting error adjustment to conceal the fact of financial fraud as an example. Firstly sorts out the risk factors of the company's fraud, analyzes the fraudulent practices of the company, and analyzes the reasons why the fraud was not detected by the accounting firm of Zhujiang Zhengzhong, and finally elaborates the effective preventive measures of audit failure from three aspects: the auditor, the financial fraudster and the supervisor.