- 期刊
飼養密度、飛機翼及性別對白羅曼鵝羽毛重、血液性狀及腸道組織之影響
Effects of stocking density, angel wing and sex on feather weight, blood biochemical parameters and intestinal tissue in White Roman geese
摘要
本試驗旨在探討飼養密度、具飛機翼與否及性別對白羅曼鵝之體重、羽毛重、血液性狀及腸道組織之影響。試驗採裂區設計（Split-plot design），將384隻白羅曼鵝逢機分配於3種飼養密度（高、中及低飼養密度）處理組，每組4欄，每欄公與母鵝隻數各半。中及高飼養密度處理組之飼養密度分別為低密度者之1.33倍與1.66倍。以欄為主區試驗單位（Main plot），每欄內分為2性別（公及母鵝）×2種鵝隻（具飛機翼與否），以隻為裂區試驗單位（Subplot）。試驗期間（0至14週齡）採自然光照，飼料與飲水均任飼。鵝隻育雛期（0至4週齡）飼糧之粗蛋白質與代謝能含量分別為20%與2,900 kcal/kg；育成期（5至14週齡）則分別為15%與2,800 kcal/kg。試驗結果顯示，3種飼養密度均未對8與14週齡鵝隻之飛機翼發生率造成影響。低飼養密度於14週齡鵝隻之血清尿酸（Uric acid, UA）含量顯著較高密度者為高（P＜0.05），且其血清總膽固醇（Cholesterol, CHOL）含量較中與高密度者有較低之趨勢（P＜0.10）。於14週齡具飛機翼鵝隻絕食18小時後體重有較正常翼者為重之趨勢（P＜0.10）。於14週齡具飛機翼鵝隻之左翼羽毛重顯著較正常翼者為輕（P＜0.05）；於14週齡公鵝之左翼羽毛重顯著較母鵝者為重（P＜0.001）。於8週齡公鵝之血清CHOL、高密度脂蛋白－膽固醇（High density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL-C）及低密度脂蛋白－膽固醇（Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C）均顯著較母鵝者為高，且於14週齡公鵝之血清CHOL與HDL-C亦均顯著較母鵝者為高。於14週齡具飛機翼鵝隻之十二指腸腺窩深度顯著較正常翼者為淺（P＜0.05）。綜上所述，鵝隻之飼養密度會影響其血清UA及CHOL含量。具飛機翼白羅曼鵝之翼部羽毛重較輕，推測其因主翼羽末端外翻，造成羽毛磨損或折斷情形而有變輕現象。鵝隻之體重及血液性狀受性別影響，其血液性狀之差異推測與鵝隻之脂肪動員有關。
並列摘要
This study was to investigate the effects of stocking density, angel wing (AW) and sex on body weight, feather weight, intestinal tissue and blood biochemical parameters in White Roman geese. The medium and high stocking density treatment groups were 1.33 and 1.66 times the low density group respectively. The experiment was conducted under a split-plot design which consisted of three stock densities randomly assigned in 12 pens and a total of 384 geese were collected. There were 4 pens in each group, and the numbers of male and female geese in each pen were equal. The pen was the main plot and the bird was the subplot. Each pen was divided into 2 genders (male and female geese) × 2 species of geese (whether with angel wing or not). In the experiment, natural light was used, and both feed and drinking water were provided ad libitum. The results showed that there were no influences between the 3 stocking densities in the incidence of AW of geese. The birds with AW tended to have a higher body weight after eighteen hours feed-deprived at 14 weeks old, than those with normal wing (NW) (P ＜ 0.10). The birds with AW had a significantly lighter feather weight on left wing at 14 weeks old, than those in NW (P ＜ 0.05). The ganders had a significantly lighter feather weight in the left wing at 14 weeks old than those in female geese (P ＜ 0.001). Low stocking density of White Roman geese had a significantly higher uric acid (UA) contents of serum at 14 week old than those in high stocking density (P ＜ 0.05), and tended to have a lower cholesterol (CHOL) contents of serum than those in medium and high stocking density (P ＜ 0.10). The ganders had a significantly higher CHOL, high density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) contents of serum at 8 week old than those in female geese; and the ganders also had a significantly higher CHOL and HDL-C contents of serum at 14 weeks old than those in the female geese. The birds with AW had a significantly shallower crypt depth of duodenum at 14 weeks old than those with NW (P ＜ 0.05). In conclusion, stocking density of White Roman geese could affect UA and CHOL of serum. The birds with AW had a lighter feather weight on wings than those with NW. The body weight and blood biochemical parameter of White Roman geese were affected by sex.