- 期刊
以小麥、大麥及燕麥作為臺灣南部地區冬季芻料之評估
Evaluation of oat, barley and wheat as winter forages in Southern Taiwan
摘要
臺灣在冬季時乾草短缺，本研究以燕麥（Avena strigosa Schreb.）、小麥（Triticum aestivum L.）及大麥（Hordeum vulgare）等短期小穀類作物，在臺南市新化地區冬季裡作時，進行不同收穫期的全株乾草產量、芻料品質及消化率等評估，以供農民參考利用。結果顯示，乾草產量方面，燕麥乾物產量為13.4 mt ha^(-1)顯著高於大麥的11.5 mt ha^(-1)及小麥的7.9 mt ha^(-1)（P ＜ 0.05）。乾草品質方面，燕麥與大麥的粗蛋白質（crude protein, CP）、中洗纖維（neutral detergent fiber, NDF）及酸洗纖維（acid detergent fiber, ADF）等含量，分別為12.4 vs. 12.2%，60.6 vs. 59.6%及35.8 vs. 35.2%，品種間無顯著差異。試管乾物質消化率（in vitro dry matter digestibility, IVDMD）方面，品種間以燕麥（68.4%）最高且與小麥（62.0%）及大麥（58.5%）有顯著差異（P ＜ 0.05）。由以上結果顯示，燕麥在新化地區具有較佳的乾物質產量、芻料品質及消化率，可提供南部相似氣候地區做為裁種參考。
並列摘要
The supply of forage is seriously shortage in Taiwan during the winter. This study aimed to evaluate the forage yield, quality and digestibility for oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) as winter forages in southern Taiwan. The dry matter yield of oat was 13.4 mt ha^(-1), which was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05) than barley (11.5 mt ha^(-1)) and wheat (7.9 mt ha^(-1)). In terms of forage quality, the content of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of oat and barley were 12.4% and 12.2%, 60.6% and 59.6%, and 35.8% and 35.2%, respectively, with no significant difference between species. The in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of oat was 68.4%, which was significantly higher than those of wheat (62.0%) and barley (58.3%). The results show that oat had higher forage yield and digestibility among these short-term small grain crops. It was suggested that oat of winter cropping might be harvested for forage use to improve the forage shortage situation in southern Taiwan.