- 期刊
欧洲人权法院2022年审判进展
Chronicle of the Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights in 2022
摘要
2022年对于欧洲人权法院来说又是充满挑战的一年。欧洲人权法院不得不应对俄罗斯因对乌克兰采取特别军事行动而被欧洲理事会除名这一情况，并采用一些在制度层面具有重要性的程序，例如《欧洲人权公约》第十六议定书所规定的、相对较新的咨询程序以及《欧洲人权公约》第46条第4款所规定的有关拒绝执行欧洲人权法院判决的程序。欧盟法相关案例不仅在数量上十分突出，在质量上也值得关注，因为这些案例呈现出欧盟法与《欧洲人权公约》在保障由独立法庭审判的权利方面相互支持的状态。跨国议题同样在欧洲人权法院的判例法中占有重要地位，这意味着需要根据缔约国领土之外的情况评估该缔约国对公约义务的遵守。此外，欧洲人权法院还就多个重大事项作出了重要判决，例如法律许可的安乐死，《欧洲人权公约》第10条所规定的表达自由，家庭生活保障之下的福利津贴，以及有关“种族定性”、身份检查和污名化的国内政策。
並列摘要
2022 was yet another challenging year for the European Court of Human Rights. The Court had to cope with Russia's expulsion from the Council of Europe because of the special military operation against Ukraine and to use institutionally important procedures, such as the relatively new advisory procedure under Protocol No. 16, and infringement proceedings under Article 46(4) of the European Convention on Human Rights. Cases related to European Union law were significant not only quantitatively, but also qualitatively, as they showed a form of mutual support in the protection of the right to access an independent tribunal. Transnational issues equally featured prominently in the Court's case law, which implied the need to assess compliance with the Contracting States' obligations in the light of circumstances outside their territory. Moreover, the Court delivered significant judgments on diverse substantive matters, such as euthanasia authorized by law, freedom of expression under Article 10 of the Convention, welfare benefits under family life protection, and national policies of racial profiling, identity check, and stigmatization.