談粵語“咪”的主觀化語篇功能

The Adverb Mai6 in Cantonese: A Discourse Analytic Approach

左靄雲(Winnie Chor) ； 蕭佩珊(Gloria Siu)

《中國語文通訊》 104卷1期 (2025/01) Pp. 77-93

https://doi.org/10.29499/CrCL.202501_104(1).0005

摘要

粵語中的“咪”有另一個與否定副詞“咪_(否定)”（mai5）無直接關連的“咪”（mai6），是以往文獻較少涉及的部分。“咪”（mai6）多用於表達語氣，意思類似普通話的“不就”，帶有強烈的主觀感情色彩。例如，在適當語境下，“咪”（mai6）會帶有不耐煩、晦氣的意思：“你咪去食飯先囉”（你就先去吃飯吧），或“去咪去囉”（去就去吧）等等。本文將集中探討這個主觀“咪”的語篇功能，並嘗試分析其發展成為主觀標記的過程及動因。

關鍵字

粵語 ； “咪” ； 語篇分析 ； （交互）主觀化 ； 情感標記

並列摘要

Previous studies on the Cantonese mai have mostly been focused on its negation function, treating maias a negative adverb. In fact, Cantonese has another mai that has not received much attention in the past, and that is the adverb mai6. Differing in the tone, this adverb mai6 has no direct relation with the negative adverb mai5 and is rather used subjectively to express the speaker's subjective emotions and attitude. For example, mai6 has a sense of casualty or unimportance, or even impatience. This paper explores the discourse-pragmatic functions of mai6 and the motivations for it to develop into a subjective marker.

並列關鍵字

Cantonese ； mai6 ； discourse analysis ； (inter)subjectivity ； stance-marking