Object recognition is to separate the object to be recognized from the background environment in the original image obtained by the visual system. The common methods mainly include threshold segmentation, K-means clustering algorithm, artificial neural network and K-nearest neighbor method (KNN). In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of object recognition, the method of optimization algorithm is often adopted, that is, a combination of various algorithms, using their respective advantages to achieve the purpose. This paper mainly introduces the optimal neural network K-means clustering and the combined application of neural network and K-means clustering.