一行禪師入世佛教之理論基礎

隨著現代化的進程，二十世紀的佛教也經歷重大的革新，不再隱遁山林、企求往生淨土，走向關注現世生活的「人生佛教」、「人間佛教」、「入世佛教」。越南高僧一行禪師以“Engaged Buddhism”及“Applied Buddhism”提出佛教改革，除了參與社會議題、建立文化事業之外，更對小乘及大乘經典做出新詮解，為入世的佛教建立理論基礎。本文分別就小乘經典《一夜賢者經》及大乘華嚴思想兩方面，探討禪師在經典的詮釋與理解上，如何淡化了原始佛教出離斷滅的傾向，又如何在不同的脈絡裡化用大乘華嚴思想，進而提出以專念當下為核心的入世佛教。

關鍵字

入世佛教；一行禪師；大乘佛教；小乘佛教

並列摘要

With the process of modernization, Buddhism in the 20th century also underwent significant innovation. It no longer secluded itself in the mountains, seeking rebirth in a pure land, but turned towards concerns about worldly life, known as "Engaged Buddhism," "Applied Buddhism," or "Worldly Buddhism." Vietnamese monk Thích Nhất Hạnh proposed "Engaged Buddhism" and "Applied Buddhism" as the terms to transform Buddhism. In addition to participating in social issues and establishing cultural enterprises, he also provided new interpretations of both Theravāda and Mahāyāna scriptures, laying the theoretical foundation for worldly Buddhism. This article examines, respectively, the Sutra's interpretations of the monk in two aspects: the Theravāda scripture "Discourse on Knowing the Better Way to Live Alone" and the Mahāyāna Huayan thought. It discusses how the monk, in interpreting the scriptures of Sutras, downplays the tendency towards renunciation and cessation in the original Buddhism, and how he adapts the Mahāyāna Huayan thought in different contexts. Through this, he puts forward a worldly Buddhism centered around mindfulness of the present moment.

並列關鍵字

Thích Nhất Hạnh ； Engaged Buddhism ； Mahāyāna ； Theravāda

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一行禪師入世佛教之理論基礎

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