约瑟的眼泪：族群理论与后殖民批判的圣经阅读

本文使用族群理論進行分析，並以後殖民批判為視角，解釋創世記中的約瑟故事。故事始於出生於遊牧民族的約瑟，夢見象徵農耕生活圈的「禾捆」造成文化錯置。在波提乏之妻的事件中，約瑟身為「希伯來人」的認同遭遇族群邊界後覺醒，影響了約瑟後來成為埃及帝國與雅各家族的「中間人」，這整段過程中，約瑟顯現出「被殖民知識份子」的內在衝突與張力。接下來討論埃及帝國如何透過各種手段收編雅各家族，並以約瑟的眼淚，解釋「被殖民精英份子」約瑟，必須考量帝國、家族之間各種複雜的問題，產生「為了家族的生存」的自我認知，這影響了約瑟的決定和行動，並導致他的「不被理解」，而這項經驗成為約瑟與哥哥們關係斷裂的最終因素。本文試圖從以上的方法，討論後殖民批判和族群理論對當代聖經詮釋的幫助，並以此提供思考殖民與被殖民複雜關係的途徑。

關鍵字

族群理論；後殖民批判；約瑟；被殖民的精英；中間人；創世記；聖經研究

並列摘要

The paper interprets the story of Joseph in Genesis using ethnicity research from a postcolonial perspective. Joseph comes from a nomadic background, yet he dreams of sheaves, which symbolize farming. This cultural mismatch kicks the story off. Then his identity as a Hebrew person is enlightened when he encounters ethnic boundary in the incident of Potiphar's wife. He then becomes the middleman between the Egyptian empire and Jacob's family. The whole storyline reveals Joseph as a ＂colonized intellectual＂, with its special inner struggles and tensions. The paper then continues to discuss how the Egyptian empire tries to incorporate Jacob's family. As a middleman, Joseph's tear explains the consideration of a ＂colonized intellectual＂, negotiating between the empire and the family. Joseph decides to do everything ＂for the survival of the family＂. And this self-understanding causes him to have frictions with his brothers. He cannot be understood by them. The paper tries to show how a postcolonial reading and ethnicity research are helpful for interpreting the Bible for our time. It provides ways to approach complex relationships between the colonizers and the colonized.