东北沦陷时期日伪利用天主教仪式开展的政治教化——以《满洲公教月刊》记载为例

中国东北沦陷期间，日伪政权派遣警察特务和各级官员广泛参与各类天主教仪式，藉此对天主教徒实施政治教化。这些仪式被迫加入遥拜日伪“皇帝”“皇城”，唱日伪“国歌”，升日伪“国旗”等内容；天主教神职人员则配合官方，结合天主教教义，积极宣扬日伪殖民思想和侵略政策。日伪政权还强迫天主教徒参加伪满各类政治庆典，天主教学校参与此类活动尤为频繁。这些仪式对政治的强调远超过宗教本身，其中参拜神社带有明显的偶像崇拜色彩。上述现象既反映出日伪政权对宗教组织的强势渗透和利用，也印证了教廷为了传教利益而与日伪政权积极合作的史实。

關鍵字

伪满洲国；天主教会；天主教仪式；政教关系

並列摘要

During Manchukuo period, Japanese Puppet Regime often dispatched political organizations and officials to preach Japanese political ideas at various Catholic ceremonies. Catholic community were forced to worship Imperial City, Japanese and Manchukuo emperor, Manchukuo flag, and sing Manchukuo song on the occasions. Cooperating with the authority, Catholic clerics combined Catholic doctrines with Japanese policies and sang high praise for Manchukuo. They asked Catholics to obey and service Manchukuo and Japan. Catholic communities were also obliged to participate in various political celebrations, which were most frequent in Catholic schools. Part of rituals, such as shrine worship, have obvious idolatry elements. The phenomenon not only reflects that Japanese and Puppet Regime tried to utilize religious organizations, but also indicate that the Holy See cooperated with Japan actively in order to keep Catholic mission benefits.