- 會議論文
日本「一戶建」住宅平面構成之研究－以著名漫畫的房屋格局為例
Research on Plane Composition of Japanese ＂Single House＂: Using Housing Plan in Well-Known Cartoons as an Example
摘要
本研究主要以影山明仁（2015）所著「名作マンガの間取り（著名漫畫的房屋格局）」之房屋格局為範圍，並從中抽取出29件「一戶建」住宅為對象進行分析，再試圖經由文獻佐證與案例剖析的方式，藉以瞭解其住宅平面構成類型與趨向、探討規劃原則與特性、解析空間使用實態與現象。最後的結果顯示：在漫畫文本中「一戶建」住宅之構成類型有「公室接續型」＞「中央走道型」＞「縱向通路型」＞「客廳通過型」＞「玄關大廳型」等五大類型，且以木構造地上二層樓之建築最為醒目，室內則有「和式」與「混式」等二種使用模式；從平面規劃之原則與特性來看，日本人在公室空間規劃上，仍多是習慣於傳統的使用模式，而寢室空間則並非只提供予個人使用，對於人數與面積需求不符者，仍允許有多人共寢的情況存在，且公室與私室之間的組構關係，最主要還是受限於建築規模的影響；若以公室與服務空間之實態來看，「座敷」空間已越趨少見，而「起居室」則較常存在於各類住宅平面規劃當中，顯見「家族本位」的重要性，其它相關之服務空間仍多沿襲日本人的傳統生活習性與空間規劃模式；最後再從私室與其它空間的實態來看，私室空間多是以「和式」為主流，且多會是先做為寢室、另做為書房或者興趣室來使用，而「α室」與「附加室」的出現，則因使用者需求與空間場域的限制而較少見。
並列摘要
This study focused on housing plan of ＂housing plan of well-known cartoons＂ written by Akihito Kageyama (2015) and selected and analyzed 29 ＂single houses＂ as subjects. By literatures and case study, it attempted to explore the trend of housing plane composition, probe into the characteristics of planning principle and analyze the actual situation of spatial use. According to results, in cartoons, types of composition of ＂single house＂ include ＂public room extension＂, ＂central hallway＂, ＂vertical channel＂, ＂living room channel＂ and ＂hallway and lobby＂. Moreover, the buildings of two-floor wooden composition are the most significant. Indoor planning includes ＂Japanese style＂ and ＂mixed＂; in terms of principle and characteristics of plane planning, Japanese people's spatial planning of public room is still traditional. The bedrooms are not only for individuals' use. When number of members do not meet the square measure, there can be several people in the same bedrooms. Besides, the composition of public and private rooms is mainly limited to the scale of building. In terms of actual situation of public room and service space, ＂the room with tatami mats＂ is less popular. ＂Living room＂ are more common in various types of housing plane planning. It shows the importance of ＂family＂. Other kinds of related service space are mostly based on Japanese people's traditional life style and spatial planning model; finally, in terms of actual situation of private rooms and other space, private rooms are mainly ＂Japanese-style＂ and they are mostly used as bedrooms and the following are studies or rooms of hobby. ＂α room＂ and ＂additional room＂ are less common due to the users' demand and limitation of space.