論基督信仰對哲學與現代性社會的貢獻

Christianity's Contribution to Philosophy and Modern Society

黃裕生(Huang Yusheng)

《公教神學評論》 5輯 (2024/02) Pp. 232-258

https://doi.org/10.29719/CTR.202402_(5).0009

摘要

現代性社會首先在歐洲大陸而不是在其他地方拉開序幕，這既與希臘文明有關，更與基督信仰相關。從構成現代性社會的思想資源角度看，基督宗教至少貢獻出了如下新的思想要素：人類個體的絕對性與人的有限性、自由意志、平民視角、歷史觀念等。正是基於這些思想要素，作為現代性社會思想前提的啟蒙哲學才確立了一系列構建社會秩序的全新原則，從而開闢了改造古代社會而邁向現代性社會的全球性事業。雖然這些新的原則體系一經哲學論證便獨立於基督信仰，但就其思想來源與基督信仰的密切相關性而言，可以說，現代性文明帶著鮮明的基督宗教的底色。

關鍵字

現代性 ； 基督教 ； 絕對性 ； 個體本位 ； 自由意志 ； 歷史坐標 ； 平民主義

並列摘要

Modern society had its inception on the European continent rather than elsewhere. This is connected not only with Greek civilization, but also, and more significantly, with the Christian faith. From the point of view of the intellectual resources that constitute modern society, Christianity has provided at least these new elements of thought: the absoluteness of the human individual and the finitude of humanity, free will, an egalitarian perspective, and the idea of history. It is based on these elements of thought that the philosophy of the Enlightenment, which constitutes the ideological premise of modern society, has established a series of entirely new principles for the construction of social order, and thus launched a global endeavor in transforming the ancient society into a modern society. Although these entirely new systems of principles are independent of the Christian faith, once they have been philosophically argued, we can say that Christianity is the underlying background of the civilization of modernity, insofar as the intellectual origins of these principles are closely related to it.

並列關鍵字

Modernity ； Christianism ； absoluteness ； the primacy of the individual ； free will ； historical coordinates ； egalitarianism