Under the current background of China's educational development and reform, on July 24, 2021, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Further Reducing the Burden of Students' Homework and Off-campus Training in Compulsory Education, which clearly stated that the burden of primary and secondary school students should be effectively reduced within one year. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the impact of the double reduction policy on the academic burden and subjective well-being of primary school students since it was implemented for one year. Taking the fifth and sixth grade students of a primary school in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China as the research objects, an interview method was used to investigate. Without considering demographic variables, this study takes the implementation of double reduction policy as independent variable, and the academic burden and subjective well-being of primary school students as dependent variables. It is found that the implementation of double reduction policy can reduce the academic burden of primary school students and improve their subjective well-being.