- 期刊
甲醛濃度破出試驗對建材長期飽和吸附性能之研究
Study on Formaldehyde Concentrations Breakthrough Capacity of Long-term Saturation Sorption by Building Materials Tests
摘要
人們90%大部分時間處在廣義的室內空間，故室內空氣品質的良窳可直接影響工作效率及生活品質。2004年世界衛生組織管轄下的國際癌症研究總署將甲醛列為人類第一級致癌物，且對於長期暴露在室內空氣汙染而造成健康影響的危害，包含如呼吸系統疾病，過敏和呼吸道刺激。順應近年國際標準規範趨勢之推動，本研究主要依據ISO 16000-23小尺寸環控箱法中對降低甲醛污染物質濃度進行長期性能測試之研究，經建立試樣管試驗系統（Breakthrough Capacity Test System, BTCTS），可在不同濃度下建立建材等溫吸附曲線進而求得飽和吸附量（ρ_(Aa)），並根據試驗結果推算建材長期吸附持續性之週期時間。研究結果顯示，在環控箱下甲醛供應濃度0.1 ppm（122 μg/m^3）下，木絲板預備試驗測試共11天吸附總量為29729.6 μg/m^2；正式試驗25天為58238.22 μg/m^2。而經試樣管法測試結果，依據等溫吸附方程式線性迴歸分析可求得甲醛供應濃度0.1ppm時，木絲板之吸附能力W_s為109.66 μg/g，單位面積吸附飽和量為1261090 μg/m^2；換算長期有效性之持續週期，木絲板在預備試驗下可達466天約1.3年，依據正式試驗測試則可達541天約1.5年之生命週期。小尺寸環控箱法輔以試樣管法藉由長期試驗以推算建材在質量守恆定律下單位面積吸附飽和質量，可有效評估建材長期吸附性之使用週期與影響，對改善室內空氣品質亦有具體之效益。
並列摘要
In today's society, people often resides in indoor spaces such as residential home, office, schools, and vehicles. In 2004, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) listed Formaldehyde as Group 1 category: which classified the agent as carcinogenic to humans. Synthetic products made out of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive are especially more serious. For long-term exposure to indoor air pollution, hazardous health effects, such as respiratory diseases, allergies, and respiratory tract irritation can become prevalent. The test conditions is based on ISO 16000-23, utilizing a small-scale chamber and sample tube equipment system. This study developed "Breakthrough Capacity Test System, BTCTS", in accordance with SOP to validation of the test system and provided for sorption tests by building materials. By measuring the sorption isotherm using the breakthrough test, we can effectively evaluate the long-term reduction performance of sorptive building materials. The expression of the result to calculate of total mass per area of sorption (ρ_(Ac)), saturation mass per area (ρ_(Aa)). Test conditions on HCHO 0.1ppm are as below, WFB (total of 11 days) total mass per area of sorption ρ_(Ac) is 29729.6 μg/m^2 , and 25 days total mass per area of sorption ρ_(Ac) is 58238.22 μg/m^2 . In accordance with the predicted saturation sorption value, W_s is calculated as saturation mass per area ρ_(Aa). The test condition on HCHO 0.1 ppm is as below, WFB W_s is 109.66 μg/g, and saturation mass per area ρ_(Aa) is 1261090 μg/m^2 . Values for the lifetime capacity of sorptive building materials are as below, WFB (0.1 ppm) estimates of 466 days for about 1.3 years, and 541 days for about 1.5 years of lifetimes. The small-scale chamber method is supplemented by the sample tube method to calculate the adsorption saturation mass per unit area of building materials under the law of mass balance through long-term experiments. This study can effectively evaluate the use cycle and impact of long-term adsorption properties of building materials and has specific benefits for improving indoor air quality.