- 期刊
- OpenAccess
Study on Stripping-down TNT-based Explosives from Waste Munitions by Supercritical CO_2 Fluid for Industrial Applications
以超臨界二氧化碳流體脫除廢彈TNT系炸藥的工業應用之研究
摘要
The applications of supercritical fluid for chemical industry are rapid developing in recent years. Using CO_2 as a solvent have some advantages like low pollution, low cost, well chemical stability and low operating temperature. This research explores the industrial process for using the supercritical CO_2 fluid to strip and recover the TNT and Composition B explosive (containing RDX and TNT) from the waste munitions. The industrial-grade supercritical fluid stripping apparatus with container of 50 liters is engineered specifically to evaluate the feasibility of practical industrial application for stripping-down explosives from the waste munitions by supercritical CO_2 fluid. The 155 mm artillery projectiles filled with TNT and the 105 mm artillery projectiles filled with Composition B explosive are used to test the removal percentages of TNT and Composition B explosive through the supercritical CO_2 fluid under different temperature, pressure and residence time conditions. The experimental results show that TNT and Composition B explosive can be completely removed from 155 mm and 105 mm artillery projectiles, respectively. It is expected this new technology will be able to solve the problems of industrial safety and environmental protection on disposal of waste munitions in the future.
並列摘要
超臨界流體萃取技術是近年來化學工業迅速發展的技術，若搭配以CO_2為溶劑，則具有低汙染、低成本、化學安定性良好及可在低溫操作等優點。本研究探討利用超臨界CO_2流體從廢舊彈頭脫除及回收TNT及B炸藥（包含TNT及RDX）的工業程序，由於已證實TNT在超臨界CO_2流體中有熔點降低的現象，因此特別設計具有50公升容器的工業級超臨界流體萃取設備，藉以評估以超臨界CO_2流體從廢舊彈頭脫除炸藥之工業應用的可行性，測試樣品使用裝填TNT的155公厘彈頭及裝填B炸藥的105公厘彈頭，分別在不同的溫度、壓力及滯留時間的條件下，使用超臨界CO_2流體測試TNT及B炸藥的移除率，實驗結果顯示TNT及B炸藥能完全從155及105公厘彈頭移除，未來新的技術預期將能解決廢舊彈藥處理衍生的工安及環保問題。