- 期刊
兰芳公司“共和国”一说的疑问与探究
Exploration of Lanfang Kongsi's 'Republic'
摘要
“兰芳公司”是清代乾隆末年时期，由广东省嘉应县（今梅州市梅县区）客籍人士罗芳伯（1738－1795）于西婆罗洲（今属印尼西加里曼丹省）坤甸成立的南洋诸多武装自治共同体之一。在后世学者如罗香林的著作和媒体、网络的影响下，兰芳公司却被普遍认知和流传，并享有“亚洲第一个共和国”的美誉，成为华人移民海外和另立政权或国家的范例。然而，对于兰芳公司体制、建国疑云，以及南洋华人公司等研究，历年来曾有不少中外学者陆续提出看法，并发表了显著成果，各种疑惑也逐渐清晰和更加接近史实背景。有鉴于此，笔者认为有必要将一些概念厘清和推敲，包括从兰芳先辈对传统文化的认识去认识他们，才能更进一步作出崭新和深入探讨。本文透过古今中外文献史料和研究成果做对比分析，藉由考察并针对前人研究加以补充，试图探讨兰芳等华人公司在大清域外的自治共同体制，以及其是否有主动去另外“建国”的可能，作出概念性的解读。
並列摘要
Lanfang Kongsi was a diasporic settlement established in Pontianak of West Borneo during the end of the Qianlong era, which is now generally known as the establishment of 'Asia's first republic'. However, the word 'republic' is still questionable. Based on many researches on the Lanfang Kongsi system and Chinese Kongsi of the South Seas, scholars have shared and published their remarkable achievements over the years, especially the awareness of various problems or doubts that have gradually become obvious and are closer to historical facts. The purpose of this paper, is to explore whether there is an appropriate existence of "Lanfang Republic", through a comparative and conceptual analysis based on ancient and modern historical sources and research results. Also, it looks a more in-depth discussion on Lan Fang and other Chinese Kongsis' autonomous community system, including their possibility of founding a 'nation' within Qing Dynasty's imperial realm.