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老年Omicron新冠病毒感染臨床特徵分析
Analysis of clinical characteristics of Omicron COVID-19 infection in the elderly
摘要
目的：分析新冠Omicron流行期間，成年新冠感染者的臨床特徵及預後，提高對老年人、特別是長壽老人感染Omicron病毒株的臨床認識，以提高臨床救治水準。方法：收集2022年12月18日～2023年2月2日在澳門某醫院確診新冠感染住院患者的臨床資料，按年齡分為青年老年組、老老年組和長壽老年組，從合併基礎疾病、MEWS評分、體溫、血常規、診斷、治療、住院天數及預後等方面和中青年組進行對照分析。結果：患者年齡18歲～109歲，平均年齡（76.18 ± 18.14）歲，212例（22.6%）為≥90歲的長壽老年人，本組平均年齡（94.52 ± 3.56）歲，重症及危重症佔94.5%，95.3%的患者至少合併1種基礎疾病。對照組好轉出院132例，佔95.7%，而90歲及以上組好轉出院160例，佔76.5%（χ^2= 33.9, P < 0.05）。結論：新冠Omicron感染者，老年人重症率高，好轉出院率低，特別是90歲及以上長壽老人，是新冠防疫和救治的重點人群。
並列摘要
Objective: To analyze the clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 infection in elderly patients during the 5th wave COVID-19 subtype Omicron epidemic period in Macao in order to improve the ability of diagnosis and treatment. Methods: The clinical data of omicron infected patientsfrom December-18-2022 to February-02-2023 were collected. A retrospective study was used to compare the elderly patients and young to middle-aged patients. The cases were confirmed based on the clinical features, positive result in rapid COVID -19 antigen test or real time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain. Results: The mean age of the total 939 patients was (76.18±18.14) years old, and the age range was 18 to 109 years old. A total of 22.6% were older than 90 years, 94.5% of them were severe or critical patients, and 95.3% had at least combined with one pre-existing disease. The improved discharge rate in the very old group was 76.5%, lower than that of 96.4% in young to middle-aged group (χ^2=33.9, P <0.05). Conclusion: The elderly patients infected with Omicron, especially very old patients, have a higher rate of severe or critical illness and a lower rate of improved discharge. They are still the key population for the elderly prevention and treatment in the future.