- 期刊
- OpenAccess
新型冠狀病毒疫苗接種後不良反應分析
Analysis of adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccines
摘要
目的：回新冠疫苗接種後不良反應患者的臨床特點，為本地使用的新冠疫苗安全性評估提供參考。方法：收集2 021年6月1日～2022年5月31日期間到本院急診科就診，根據澳門衛生局指引通報的新冠疫苗接種後不良反應病例，按接種新冠疫苗類別、接種劑次、接種者性別、年齡、不良反應症狀、轉歸資料等進行統計學分析。結果：共收集病例1430例，住院35例（佔2.4%），治療後離院1395例（佔97.6%）。男性594例（佔41.5%），女性836例（佔58.5%），平均年齡36.1 ± 16.5歲。其中滅活疫苗907例（佔63.4%），mRNA疫苗523例（佔36.6%）。兩種疫苗的不良反應患者中，發病年齡、發病天數、以及常見全身系統症狀和過敏症狀的構成比的差異存在統計學意義（P <0.05），完整接種兩劑mRNA疫苗及接種滅活疫苗和mRNA疫苗加強針的不良反應中，常見全身系統症狀及過敏症狀構成比的差異均有統計學意義（P < 0.05）。結論：兩種疫苗不良反應絕大多數為預期內，急診醫生需持續識別、救治和監測新冠疫苗接種後的各類不良反應，為管理機構提供資料參考，有助於衛生部門完善新冠疫曲接種計劃的實施。
並列摘要
Objective: We reviewed and analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 vaccine adverse reactions in the Emergency Department of Kiang Wu Hospital in Macau from 2021 to 2022, providing information for the safety assessment of locally used COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: Cases with adverse reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine reported to the Macao Health Bureau from the emergency department of Kiang Wu Hospital were collected, and the type of COVID-19 vaccine inoculated, number of inoculation doses, sex of the vaccinator, age, adverse reaction symptoms, outcome and other detailed information were registered and statistically analyzed from June 1, 2021, to May 31, 2022. Results: A total of 1430 patients were selected; 35 patients were hospitalized, accounting for 2.4%, and 1395 patients were discharged after treatment, accounting for 97.6%. There were 594 males (41.5%) and 836 females (58.5%), with an average age of 36.1±16.5 years. There were 907 cases of inactivated vaccine, accounting for 63.4%, and 523 cases of mRNA vaccine, accounting for 36.6%. Among patients with adverse reactions to the two vaccines, there were statistically significant differences in the age of onset, days of onset, and the composition ratio of common systemic symptoms and allergic symptoms (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the composition ratios of common systemic symptoms and allergic symptoms among the adverse reactions of two complete doses of mRNA vaccine and inactivated vaccine and booster injections of mRNA vaccines (P<0.05). Conclusion: Most of the adverse reactions of the two vaccines are expected, Emergency department needs to continuously identify, treat and monitor various adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccines, provide information for the management agency, and promote the implementation of the vaccination plan.