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晚清中日漢文遊歷筆記中的世局之論－以《滬遊脞記》與《觀光紀遊》為考察中心
Discussion Anecdotal Notes Literature and Global Situation of the Late Qing: A Primary Investigation of Hu You Cuo Ji and Guan Guang Ji You
摘要
在西力東漸的世局下，海禁之開，非只中國備受西人威脅，一水之隔的日本也同樣面臨西力威逼開放門戶。上海是西方列強在中國開設的第一個租界，也是東亞第一個中西文化制度並陳的展示場，在這樣的環境之下更能讓人感受世界局勢的改變，因此除了中國的知識份子，連視中國為唇齒之邦的日本文人，也不免在遊歷上海時以漢文寫下筆記流露了對當今世局的思慮。故本文以中人作品《滬遊脞記》與日人漢文作品《觀光紀遊》中對世局的議論，歸納出中、日知識份子對西方國家認知的變化，對世界局勢的論見，以及對東亞局勢的憂慮三方面的表述重點，並從中比較其論述的偏重、觀點的異同，藉以得知時人對當前局勢的態度與掌握。
並列摘要
During Western ascension of power during the late Qing Dynasty, the opening of maritime interaction with foreign nations signaled not only a time when China suffered greatly from Western intimidation, but Japan-a nation merely across the waters from China-faced the same problems of Western might and coercion to establish a nation. Shanghai was China's first concession district opened for foreign powers, and it was also the first "exhibition arena" in East Asia for both Chinese and Western cultural systems and institutions; this situation made people feel deeper the shift of world powers. In addition to Chinese intellectuals of the time, Japanese literati, who viewed China as a neighboring nation, could not avoid traveling to the prosperous city of Shanghai, where they left anecdotal notes literature, which recorded their concerns of the global situation at hand. Therefore, this article examines the situational controversy displayed in the Chinese Hu You Cuo Ji and Japanese Guan Guang Ji You, to explore three main points: how Chinese and Japanese views of Western influence on their respective countries underwent a cognitive change, perspectives on the power shit within China and Japan, and Chinese, Japanese concern towards power dynamics within East Asia. The writer hopes to explore the late Qing intellectual attitude and grasp of this critical situation through comparison and discussion of both similarities and differences within these two texts.