《史記》所載漢代戰爭經濟窺析

"Shi-Ji" of the Han Dynasty the economic impact of the war

賴永明(Yong-Ming Lai)

《雲漢學刊》 24期 (2012/01) Pp. 88-109

摘要

本文藉由《史記》，探討漢興以至武帝時期戰爭所造成的經濟影響，戰爭與經濟相互影響，戰爭可能會造成國內經濟的頹廢，或改變國家的財政政策，如武帝時，征伐外夷，為籌湊軍費，而有平準、專賣、均輸等財政，另外一方面，國家的財政亦可能為戰爭發生的遠因，如文帝時的財政與「七國之亂」的關係，此外，戰爭與經濟的一個共同點，便是皆有可能促成中央集權的高峰，如漢武帝一代，凡此種種，可見戰爭與經濟的互相影響是多面向的，故本文藉由《史記》中的記載，如〈孝武本紀〉、〈匈奴列傳〉、〈平準書〉，來窺析在《史記》中，關於「戰爭經濟」的珍貴材料，以及相關見解。

關鍵字

《史記》 ； 戰爭 ； 經濟 ； 財政 ； 中央集

並列摘要

With this article, "Shi-Ji " of the Han Dynasty the economic impact of the war, the war and the economy influence each other, the war might cause domestic economic decadence, or change the country's fiscal policies, such as Emperor, the conquest of barbarians, , on the other hand, the country's financial war may also occur as the underlying cause, such as the Emperor when the financial and the "chaos of the seven countries' relationship, in addition, war and economy, one thing in common, that is, anything is possible contribute to the peak of centralization, such as the Han Dynasty generation, all these shows that the interaction of war and the economy is multifaceted, so this article by "Historical Records" in the records, to glimpse analysis in the " Shi-Ji ", on the "war economy" of precious materials, and brilliant insights.

並列關鍵字

"Shi-Ji" ； war ； economic ； fiscal policies ； centralization