- 期刊
日语逆向性搭配的语义特征及其形成机制研究
On the semantic features and formation mechanism of oppositional collocation in Japanese
摘要
传统的日语搭配研究关注高频的常规搭配，注重对其频率、强度进行分析，强调规律性。除常规搭配之外，日语中还存在与词项语义特征相反的特殊搭配，这类搭配可称为逆向性搭配，鲜少受到关注。在前项为形容词（以及极少数动词；少数动词连用形＋難い）的搭配结构中，根据搭配结构特征的不同，日语逆向性搭配可以进一步分为三种：“形容词连体形＋体言”型结构、“形容词连用形＋用言”型结构以及使用“形容词（以及极少数动词；少数动词连用形＋難い）＋ほど（の）”型结构。三者都可以形成负正型逆向型搭配，但能形成正负型逆向型搭配的只有前两种。隐喻的发生、语境的调节和认知主体的识解是逆向性搭配形成的根本原因。
並列摘要
Traditional Japanese collocation research focuses on high-frequency conventional collocations, analyzes their frequency and association strength, and emphasizes regularity. In addition to conventional collocations, Japanese has a special type of collocations with opposite semantic features, called oppositional collocations. According to the different structural features of collocations, Japanese oppositional collocations can be further divided into "adjective attributive form + substantive form" structures, "adjective attributive form + conjunctive form" structures and "hodo(no)" structures. All three can form negative-positive forms, but only the first two can form positive-negative forms. The occurrence of metaphor, the adaptation of context and the subject are the fundamental reasons for the formation of oppositional collocations.