Database security refers to the processes, tools, and controls implemented to protect and manage the data stored in a database system, safeguarding it from both accidental and intentional threats. In today's data-driven digital age, database security is critical. Despite advances in technology and security protocols, breaches continue to occur. This article focuses on database security and examines the threat to database security by analysing the confidentiality, integrity and availability threats to databases. It emphasizes database security vulnerabilities, summarizes these vulnerabilities, assesses the status of organisations' databases, and determines measures to mitigate security vulnerabilities.