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飼糧中以甘藷取代不同比例玉米對白肉雞生長、屠體性狀及品評之影響
Effect of dietary corn substituted with sweet potato on growth performance, carcass characteristics and sensory evaluation of broiler chickens
摘要
為開發自產飼料資源，本試驗旨在探討白肉雞飼糧中以甘藷取代玉米的適當比例。試驗採用愛拔益加品系一日齡白肉雞360隻，逢機分成5組，每組3重複，試驗為35天，分為育雛期（0～3週齡）及生長期（4～5週齡）。以玉米－大豆粕為主要原料之基礎飼糧為對照組，以臺農66號甘藷，分別取代飼糧中玉米粉用量的20%、30%、40%或50%，各處理組在兩階段皆為等蛋白等能量飼糧。試驗期間飼糧與飲水均任食，測定雞隻生長性能、屠體性狀及對胸肉品評之影響。結果顯示，甘藷取代飼糧中玉米的20%不影響白肉雞日增重與飼料轉換率，但之後雞隻生長性能隨甘藷取代量的提高而呈明顯地降低（P＜0.05）；雞隻育成率不受甘藷添加之影響。甘藷取代量不會影響雞隻屠宰率，亦未明顯影響腹脂率，但以甘藷取代50%組的胸肉皮膚黃色色澤顯著較低（P＜0.05）。甘藷取代40%玉米用量會明顯降低雞肉風味喜好評分（P＜0.05）。綜合本次試驗結果，建議白肉雞飼糧中以甘藷取代玉米用量的上限為20%。
並列摘要
For developing the resources of domestic feed ingredients, this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary substitution of corn with sweet potato on growth performance, carcass characteristics and sensory evaluation of broiler chickens. A total of 360 day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into five groups. The brooding period was 0 - 3 weeks of age and rearing period supplementation was 4 - 5 weeks of age. A corn-soybean meal basal diet was offered in the control group and Tainung No. 66 sweet potato (TNG66) were used to replace 20%, 30%, 40% or 50% of the corn in the treatment groups. Feed and water were offered ad libitum during the trial period. Growth performance was examined. At the end of experiment, eight chickens from each treatment were sacrificed for measuring the carcass characteristics. Results showed that substitution of 20% of corn with sweet potato had no significant effect on daily weight gain or feed conversion ratio. However, growth performance was significantly decreased as the substitution of sweet potato linearly increased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in mortality of chickens during feeding period. There was no significant difference in dressing percentage. Substitution of 50% of sweet potato had no significant effect on abdominal fat, but had significantly lower yellow color of breast meat skin (P < 0.05). The birds fed the 40% sweet potato ratio had significantly lower score on flavor score (P < 0.01). In conclusion, growth performance and feed conversion ratio will be linearly decreased as the substitution of sweet potato exceeds 20%. We suggest that for broiler chicken diets, substitution of sweet potato should not be more than 20%.