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【論文摘要】擾動在桌球發球的運用：奧洽洛夫對戰林昀儒之個案研究
【論文摘要】The Application of Perturbation in Table Tennis Serving: A Case Study of Ovtcharov Playing Against Yun-Ju Lin
摘要
背景：桌球比賽是一種動態過程，為求勝利選手們會採取破壞穩定狀態，讓對手產生不適應即形成擾動現象。本研究想藉由一位頂尖桌球選手的發球策略作為擾動主題，主要是想了解發球擾動後所產生的結果及其擾動可否解讀桌球選手戰術之用。方法：以榮獲2屆奧運男單銅牌的德國桌球選手奧洽洛夫為研究對象，以奧洽在2019-2021年期間對戰林昀儒選手的4場國際比賽影片為研究範圍；以自行研發的「發球擾動模式觀察表」作為研究工具，主要觀察變項有：不同發球種類之使用率和得分率、不同發球輪採用擾動的成功效果及其被平息（smooth out）現象，所獲數據以描述統計進行分析。結果：1.奧洽共採用4種發球進行擾動，其使用率高低排序為：正手傳統式（76次/33.33%）、反手小動作（71次/31.14%）、正手下蹲式（45次/19.74%）、反手潛艇式（36次/15.79%）；依得分率高低排序為：反手小動作（71.15%）、正手下蹲式（51.11%）、正手傳統式（46.67%）、反手潛艇式（41.82%）。2.奧洽在不同發球輪變化上採用了65次發球擾動，共成功19次、失敗19次、平息27次。結論：本研究證實了發球擾動的現象，以及奧洽善於採用發球擾動策略，尤其他近年來新採用的反手小動作發球更是獲得很好擾動得分效果，值得關注與效仿；後續我們可以針對選手在接發球輪進行擾動觀察來破解選手的接發球策略。
並列摘要
Background: The game of table tennis (TT) is a dynamic process. In order to win a match, a player will disrupt a stable situation to make his opponent uncomfortable, thus creating a perturbation phenomenon. The main purpose of this study was to identify the results of a top TT players serving perturbation and whether the approach could be applied to explain the TT players tactics. Methods: The German TT player Dimitrij Ovtcharov, who won two-time Olympic bronze medals in mens singles, was selected as the subject of the study, and the videos of his four international matches played against Yun-Ju Lin during 2019-2021 were taken as the scope of the study, and a self-designed " Serving Perturbation Pattern Observation Table" was adopted as a collection tool. The mainly observed variable: Usage rate and scoring rate of different serving types, and the effect of success and the phenomenon of smoothing out in different serving rounds using the perturbation, and the data obtained were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results:1. Ovtcharov used four types of serving as perturbation strategies, and the usage rate was in the following order: "Traditional Forehand Serving" (76 /33.33%), "Short Backhand Serving" (71 /31.14%), "Squatting Forehand Serving" (45/19.74%), "Submarine Style Backhand Serving" (36 /15.79%); the scoring rate was in the following order: "Small Backhand Serving"(71.15%), "Squatting Forehand Serving" (51.11%), "Traditional Forehand Serving" (46.67%), and "Submarine Style Backhand Serving" (41.82%). 2. Ovtcharov had 65 serve perturbations on different serving round changes, with a total of 19 successes, 19 failures and 27 smooth-out. Conclusion: This study proved the phenomenon of serving perturbation, and that Ovtcharov is skillful in using serving perturbation strategies, especially his new "Small Backhand Serving" in recent years, which has achieved a good perturbation effect and is worthy of attention and learning. In the follow-up study, maybe we can observe the players perturbation in the receiving roun ds to beat the players receiving strategies.