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【論文摘要】雄性激素受體（AR）在運動引起肌肉肥大中的生理重要性及其與肌肉質量增加的相關性－限縮型回顧文章
【論文摘要】The Physiological Importance of Androgen Receptor(AR) in Exercise-induced Muscle Hypertrophy and Its Correlation with Muscle Mass Accretion - A Narrow Review
摘要
目的：在過去的幾十年裡，研究主要圍繞在同化型賀爾蒙濃度，尤其是睾固酮，來了解運動引起的肌肉肥大背後的機制。與肌肉肥大有關的增加的睾固酮濃度會通過雄性激素受體（AR）一種載體蛋白，進入細胞核，增加細胞核中的DNA複製和RNA轉錄和翻譯。因此，AR在調節肌肉生長中有著至關重要的作用。此回顧型文章的目的是要找出目前有探討AR和肌肉質量之間相關性的文獻。方法：通過使用Web of Science和PubMed文獻資料庫以關鍵詞“AR”、“骨骼肌”和“肥大”進行文獻查找，納入10篇最相關的文章，包括1993年至2022年的4篇動物研究和6篇人類研究。結果：這些研究主要在探究AR與肌肉質量之間的關係，並了解AR在肌肉合成中的調節機制方面的作用。結果顯示，無論同化型賀爾蒙的濃度為何，AR濃度的增加與肌肉質量的增加呈顯著正相關。AR在不同肌肉類型上的分佈會受耐力和阻力訓練計劃的影響。抑制AR會導致肌肉質量增加的幅度減少。結論：綜合這些研究，我們認為增加肌肉質量需要先提高AR的濃度。未來還需要更多的研究來探討運動和營養素誘導AR產生的細胞機制。
並列摘要
Introduction: In the past decades, researches have been predominantly centering around anabolic hormones level, especially testosterone, to understand the mechanism behind exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy. The increased testosterone concentration involved with muscle hypertrophy was proposed to regulate through the androgen receptors (AR), a carrier protein that facilitates androgens entering nucleus, increasing DNA replication and RNA transcription and translation in the cell nucleus. Therefore, AR may play a crucial role in mediating muscle growth. The goal of this review is to identify current literature surrounding the correlation between AR and muscle mass. Methods: By a literature review using the Web of Science and PubMed databases with the keywords "AR", "skeletal muscle" and "hypertrophy", 10 most relevant articles, including 4 animal studies and 6 human studies from 1993 to 2022 were included. Results: These studies mainly focused on the relationship between AR and muscle mass and explored the role in terms of regulatory mechanism of AR in muscle synthesis. The results showed that, regardless of the concentration of anabolic hormones, the increase of AR level demonstrated significant positive correlation with the increment of muscle mass. The distribution of ARs on different muscle types was shown to be influenced by endurance and resistant training programs. Suppression of AR resulted in attenuation of the accretion of muscle mass. Conclusion: The present review provides a comprehensive view on muscle hypertrophy in terms of muscle mass accretion elevated by the increased concentration of ARs in precedence. More research is much in need to investigate the cellular mechanism on exercise and nutrients induced AR production.