試論戰國文字中「射」字構形依據及演變過程－兼及「奴」字與「夬」字訛混現象分析

A Research about the Configural Reason and the Evolution of the Character "射" of the Warring States Period - and the analysis about a mistaken confusion between the Character "夬" and the Character "奴"

柳洋(Liu Yang) ； 廖丹妮(Liao Dan-ni)

《中國文字》 總第二期 (2019/10) Pp. 221-232

摘要

本文通過梳理從甲骨文到戰國文字中「射」字的不同構形，分析出戰國文字中「射」字存在繁體「（弓夬矢）」與省體「（弓夬）」「矤」的不同構形。其次結合學界對於「夬」的構形分析找出其與「射」字含義的關聯。而後對戰國時期及秦文字中「弩」字的字形進行了相關的討論；進而引出「夬」與「奴」在戰國文字（特別是璽印文字）中存在訛混的現象，並對部分前人考釋的璽印提出了新的考釋意見。最後結合前文討論的內容，參考《字源》及吳振武先生的研究成果，初步繪製出「射」字自甲骨文到戰國文字的演變軌跡。

關鍵字

戰國文字 ； 射 ； 夬 ； 弩 ； 訛混

並列摘要

The paper based on the arrangement of the Character "射" from the oracle-bone inscriptions to the inscriptions of the warring states period, analyzes that there are different configurations of the Character "射" of the Warring States Period which are unsimplified character "（弓夬矢）" and simplified character "（弓夬）" "矤". Becides, considering about the analysis of the configuration of the Character "夬", we found the link between the Character "夬" and the Character "射". What's more, we research the configurations of the Character "弩" in the warring states period and Qin system. So we found that there is a mistaken confusion between the Character "夬" and the Character "奴" of the warring states period, especially in the seals, according to which we proposed some new opinions on some seals. Finally, referring to the book The sourse of chinese inscriptions and research of Professor Wu Zhen-wu, we described the evolution of the character"射" from the oracle-bone inscriptions to the inscriptions of the warring states period.

並列關鍵字

the inscriptions of the warring states period ； the Character "射" ； the Character"夬" ； the Character"弩" ； mistaken confusion