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  • 學位論文

整合輕軌電車優先號誌時制之模擬研究

A Study of Integrating Light Rail Transit Priority Signal Control and Traffic Strategies by Simulation Process

指導教授 : 許添本

摘要


輕軌運輸系統(Light Rail Transit, LRT)源自於路面電車,可行駛於平面道路上,兼具公車與鐵路列車之特性。因現有捷運路網未能服務淡海新市鎮,考量區域發展需求與建置成本,目前已預定建造輕軌淡海延伸線,以綠山線與藍海線串連新市鎮與舊市區。然而,台灣目前無輕軌運輸系統營運經驗,引入輕軌運輸系統除了考慮其路權型式、軌道佈設位置、車站位置等,尚需針對輕軌行經平面路段時之號誌控制方式進行探討。 平面輕軌電車在交叉路口時與其他運具一樣需依照號誌通行或停止,為增進輕軌運輸系統之運行效率,常透過優先號誌與輕軌專用時相給予輕軌電車優先通過路口,使輕軌於路口擁有較其他道路車輛和行人高的優先權。 本研究建構四種不同優先方式之號誌控制策略邏輯,包含完全優先、完全優先且有補償、部分優先與觸動號誌,使用模擬軟體VISSIM模擬淡海輕軌綠山線平面路段,訂定不同班距與不同交通量情境,以「平均人延滯」及「輕軌旅行時間」作為評估指標,模擬分析各優先號誌控制策略對整體網路之影響。經比較結果後發現四種優先號誌控制策略之整體平均人延滯趨勢大致相同,尖峰時間流量較高,延滯較高;離峰時流量低,延滯較低。交通量大時較易受到輕軌班距影響,交通量小時受班距影響幅度較小。 完全優先給予輕軌電車優先程度最高,可使輕軌旅行時間減少最多,但若輕軌班次過於密集,最大綠燈會限制部分輕軌電車之優先權,故完全優先較不適用於交通量大且輕軌班次非常密集之情況。部分優先透過延長綠燈或縮短紅燈方式給與輕軌電車優先權,整體績效最佳,可應用之範圍最廣。 除了評估整體路網績效外,本研究更進一步分析研究範圍內六個號誌化路口之延滯變動原因,當輕軌班距越大時,各策略之間差異越小。在班次密集時部分優先最為適用,觸動號誌及完全優先有補償績效較差不適合使用;班距較大時,各優先策略之績效差異不大,以完全優先績效最佳。

並列摘要


LRT (Light Rail Transit, LRT) is derived from the streetcar. LRT is a railway system, which has both bus and train characteristic. In addition to considering the right of way, track layout, stop location, for introducing light rail transit system in Taiwan, it needs do research for integrating of LRT priority signal control and traffic strategies. This study analyzed the operation types and stop-and-go characteristics of LRV at intersections, and the properties of conflicts when LRV crosses intersections. Therefore, through establish the separate space and time, and decide the diffluent measures for LRV and other vehicles to avoid conflicts. For enhancing the operation performance, this study also launched the LRT signal priority strategies for different conflicts and diffluent measures at intersections, and considered safety measures when LRT signal priority affects the sequence of phases and minimum green time, in order to construct a priority signal control logic system. The installation of a priority signal has to consider the geometric condition, the stop location and the traffic situation. Using a case study of real intersections of Tamsui LRT under various intersection conditions and traffic situations to analyze and select the best strategies with VISSIM, and make the conclusions and suggestions.

參考文獻


[15] 張學孔、郭瑜堅,「都市旅次總成本模式構建之研究」,運輸計畫季刊,第三十六卷第二期,民國96年6月,頁147-182。
[24] Frank Dreher, Sonal Ahuja, Tom van Vuren, Jason Smoth, “Innovative Modelling and Design of Integrated Light Rail Transit Priority Systems-Case Study of LRT in Nottingham, UK”, 2005.
[28] John W. Schumann, “Status of North American Light Rail Transit Systems Year 2006 Update”, Transportation Research E-Circular, pp 3-18, 2007.
[31] PTV AG, VISSIM 5.10 User Manual, Germany, 2008.
[32] Roger P. Roess, Elena S. Prassas, William R. Mcshane, “Traffic Engineering, Third Edition”, 2004.

被引用紀錄


紀尚詮(2014)。輕軌優先號誌與平面路權對路網服務容量影響之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.00405

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