- 學位論文
高屏溪河道整治與蓄水量評估(從里嶺橋到出海口)
Rehabilitation and Reservoir Capacity Assessment of the Kaoping River Channel(From Liling Bridge to Estuary)
摘要
本研究旨在探討高屏溪主流水資源的管理和利用，以確保高屏地區的水源供應穩定可靠。根據研究結果顯示，高屏溪主流年均逕流量為 63.35 億立方公尺，而本研究所規劃的高屏溪主流河道總蓄水量達 7.54 億噸，超過了高屏地區年工業用水與民生用水的總量 7.11 億噸，為當地居民提供了一個驚人的備用水源。即使一整年沒有新的水資源注入，蓄滿水的河道和人工湖也足以支持高屏地區居民的日常生活需求。考慮到高屏地區人民每日平均用水量為 177.5 萬噸，即使在枯水期完全沒有新的水源注入，這個系統也可以支持高屏地區長達 126 天的用水需求。這樣的規劃和設計使得高屏地區的用水供應更加穩定可靠，即使面臨極端乾旱或其他水資源壓力，也能夠保障當地居民的基本生活需求。同時，這也為當地的工業生產和農業發展提供了可靠的水源保障，對於高屏地區的經濟社會發展具有積極的促進作用。 高屏溪主流每季的平均逕流量呈現出明顯的季節性變化，其中至少有三季的時間裡，高屏溪主流的水量足以將本研究所規劃的高屏溪主流河道填滿。這也意味著，高屏地區一年 12.9 億噸的農業用水需求是可以負擔得起的。考慮到農業用水只有六成是直接從河道取水，即只需負擔 7.74 億噸的水量，這更加確保了農業用水的可持續供應。這些數據反映了本研究規劃之高屏溪主流河道水資源的充足性，並且強調了在合理規劃和管理下，農業、工業和民生用水的需求是可以得到充分滿足的。 此外，本研究在地下水補注方面每年可補注 5.13 億噸的地下水，而高屏地區年均地下水抽取量僅為 5,221 萬噸。這意味著補注量遠高於抽取量，為高屏地區的地下水提供了充足的補注量。這樣的情況有利於地下水資源的穩定性和可持續性，同時也為地下水的合理利用提供了更多的機會。由於補注量遠高於抽取量，高屏地區有潛力抽用更多的地下水，以滿足不同部門的需求，包括農業、工業和民生用水。這為地下水的合理管理和利用提供了更多的彈性，同時也有助於減少對地表水資源的依賴，提高水資源的整體利用效率。
並列摘要
The study aims to investigate the management and utilization of water resources in the mainstream of the Gaoping River, ensuring a stable and reliable water supply for the Gaoping region. According to the research findings, the annual average flow rate of the Gaoping River mainstream is 63.35 billion cubic meters. The total water storage capacity planned for the Gaoping River mainstream reaches 7.54 billion tons,surpassing the total amount of industrial and domestic water use in the Gaoping region, which is 7.11 billion tons. This provides an astonishing backup water source for local residents. Even without new water resources injected throughout the year, the fully stocked river channels and artificial lakes are sufficient to support the daily water needs of the Gaoping region's residents. Considering that the average daily water consumption per person in the Gaoping region is 1.775 million tons, this system can meet the water demand for up to 126 days even during the dry season without new water sources. Such planning and design ensure a more stable and reliable water supply for the Gaoping region, even in the face of extreme drought or other water resource pressures. It also provides a reliable water supply guarantee for local industrial production and agricultural development, contributing positively to the economic and social development of the Gaoping region. The average flow rate of the Gaoping River mainstream exhibits significant seasonal variations each quarter. At least three quarters of the time, the water volume of the Gaoping River mainstream is sufficient to fill the Gaoping River mainstream channels planned in this study. This also means that the annual demand for agricultural water of 1.29 billion tons in the Gaoping region is affordable. Considering that only 60% of agricultural water is directly taken from river channels, accounting for only 774 million tons of water, this further ensures the sustainable supply of agricultural water. These data reflect the adequacy of water resources in the Gaoping River mainstream planned in this study and emphasize that under reasonable planning and management, the demands for agricultural, industrial, and domestic water can be fully met. Furthermore, the study proposes an annual groundwater replenishment of 513 million tons, while the annual average groundwater extraction in the Gaoping region is only 52.21 million tons. This indicates that the replenishment volume far exceeds the extraction volume, providing sufficient replenishment for groundwater resources in the Gaoping region. This situation is favorable for the stability and sustainability of groundwater resources and provides more opportunities for the rational utilization of groundwater. With the replenishment volume far exceeding the extraction volume, there is potential for the Gaoping region to extract more groundwater to meet the needs of different sectors, including agriculture, industry, and domestic water use. This provides more flexibility for the rational management and utilization of groundwater while also helping reduce dependence on surface water resources and improve the overall efficiency of water resource utilization.